Biology sem 1 wk 2

Front

Which organelle produces protein for a cell?

Back

Ribosome: The ribosome is the cellular structure responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Back

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂: This equation represents the process by which plants convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight.

Front

What is autosomal nondisjunction?

Back

Autosomal Nondisjunction: A failure of homologous chromosomes to separate properly during cell division, leading to an abnormal number of chromosomes in daughter cells.

Front

Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell"?

Back

Mitochondria: Mitochondria are organelles that generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy.

Front

What does the sodium-potassium pump do?

Back

Sodium-Potassium Pump: A membrane protein that transports sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell, crucial for maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Front

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Back

Endoplasmic Reticulum: A network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis; it comes in two forms: rough (with ribosomes) and smooth (without ribosomes).

Front

What is the role of the nucleus in a cell?

Back

Nucleus: The nucleus is the organelle that houses the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities by regulating gene expression.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis: The process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What is Down syndrome?

Back

Down Syndrome: A genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21, leading to developmental and intellectual delays.

Front

What is Turner's syndrome?

Back

Turner's Syndrome: A chromosomal disorder affecting females, characterized by the absence of one X chromosome, leading to various developmental issues.