P1 Revision Flashcard

Front

According to kinetic theory, all matter is made up of small particles. Which of these sentences is true for a gas?

Back

Gas particles are free to move, and fill the space they occupy.

Answer explanation

Gas particles are not held together by strong forces, allowing them to move freely and fill the space they occupy. This distinguishes gases from liquids and solids, where particles are more constrained.

Front

What process causes water particles to move from the puddle into the air?

Back

Evaporation

Answer explanation

Evaporation is the process where water particles gain energy and transition from liquid to gas, allowing them to move from the puddle into the air. This is why evaporation is the correct answer.

Front

What is the density of a substance?

Back

Its mass per unit volume.

Answer explanation

The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume. This means how much mass is contained in a specific volume, making the first choice the correct answer.

Front

What causes pressure in a gas?

Back

Collision of gas molecules with the walls of a container

Answer explanation

Pressure in a gas is primarily caused by the collision of gas molecules with the walls of a container. These collisions exert force on the walls, resulting in pressure. Other factors like random motion and collisions with each other contribute but are secondary.

Front

Why does the pressure of gas inside a bicycle tyre increase when it becomes warm on a sunny day?

Back

The gas particles have more kinetic energy.

Answer explanation

The increase in pressure is due to the gas particles having more kinetic energy when heated. This causes them to move faster and collide more frequently with the tyre walls, leading to higher pressure.

Front

How does the pressure and volume of air inside a bicycle tyre change as it is inflated?

Back

Pressure increases, Volume increases

Answer explanation

As a bicycle tyre is inflated, the volume of air inside increases due to the added air. According to Boyle's Law, as volume increases, pressure also increases, making the correct choice: Pressure increases, Volume increases.

Front

Which block is the most dense? Options: Block A, Block B, Block C, Block D

Back

Block A

Answer explanation

Block A is the most dense because it has the highest mass-to-volume ratio compared to the other blocks. This means that for the same volume, Block A contains more mass, making it denser.

Front

What is the density of the object in the diagram below when placed into a measuring cylinder of water? (1ml = 1cm³)

Back

1.6 g/cm³

Answer explanation

To find the density, divide the mass of the object by its volume. If the object displaces 40 ml of water and has a mass of 64 g, density = 64 g / 40 cm³ = 1.6 g/cm³, which is the correct answer.

Front

A block of copper is heated over a Bunsen flame with the temperature rising from 200°C to 700°C. Mass of block = 2 kg. Specific heat capacity of copper = 800 J/kg/°C. Change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change.

Back

800 kJ

Answer explanation

To find the heat energy supplied, use the formula: Change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change. Here, mass = 2 kg, specific heat capacity = 800 J/kg/°C, and temperature change = 700°C - 200°C = 500°C. Thus, energy = 2 x 800 x 500 = 800,000 J = 800 kJ. Therefore, the correct answer is 800 kJ.

Front

What happens to the kinetic energy of gas particles when the temperature of the gas is increased?

Back

The kinetic energy increases.

Answer explanation

When the temperature of a gas increases, the kinetic energy of its particles also increases. This is because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.