DNA and Protein Synthesis Flashcard

Front

What are the two main processes involved in protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription and Translation.

Front

What are the three base segments of mRNA called?

Back

Codons.

Front

How do you transcribe the DNA sequence AAG CTT TGC into RNA?

Back

UUC GAA ACG.

Front

What forms the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?

Back

Deoxyribose sugar and phosphate.

Front

What is the complementary DNA strand for the sequence TCG ATA CGA?

Back

AGC TAT GCT.

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds.