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What is Mendelian Genetics?

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Mendelian Genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through generations, based on the principles established by Gregor Mendel.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the alleles it possesses.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene (e.g., AA or aa).

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What does heterozygous mean?

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Heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene (e.g., Aa).

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What is a dominant allele?

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A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

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What is a recessive allele?

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A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype.

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What is a Punnett square?

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A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles from the parents.

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What do the letters on the top and side of a Punnett square represent?

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The letters represent the possible alleles given by the parents.

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What is the purpose of a test cross?

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A test cross is used to determine the genotype of an organism with a dominant phenotype by crossing it with a homozygous recessive organism.