Biology SOL Review #3

Front

What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism and its ancestors, used to analyze the inheritance of traits.

Front

What does it mean for an allele to be dominant?

Back

A dominant allele is one that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype, overshadowing the effect of a recessive allele.

Front

What is the genotype of an individual with curly hair if the allele for curly hair is dominant?

Back

The genotype could be either homozygous dominant (CC) or heterozygous (Cc).

Front

What is the complementary DNA sequence for the strand ATG TGA CAG?

Back

The complementary DNA sequence is TAC ACT GTC.

Front

What is a gene mutation?

Back

A gene mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene, which can affect the function of the gene and the protein it encodes.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotide pairs are added into a DNA sequence, potentially causing a frameshift.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by insertions or deletions that shift the reading frame of the genetic message.

Front

How can you determine the relationship between individuals in a pedigree?

Back

You can determine relationships by analyzing the connections and generations represented in the pedigree chart.

Front

What is the role of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process of making a copy of DNA, essential for cell division and ensuring that each new cell has the same genetic information.

Front

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous genotypes?

Back

Homozygous genotypes have two identical alleles for a trait, while heterozygous genotypes have two different alleles.