Unit 5 Review SE

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

DNA contains the genetic code that carries instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms, determining individual traits.

Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.

Amino acids are organic compounds that serve as the building blocks of proteins, linked together by peptide bonds.

The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the specific amino acids that will be assembled to form proteins, influencing an organism's traits.

Translation is the process by which ribosomes read the sequence of mRNA and assemble the corresponding amino acids to form a protein.

Albumin is a type of protein produced by the liver that helps maintain blood volume and pressure, and transports various substances in the blood.

Exons are the coding regions of a gene that are expressed, while introns are non-coding regions that are removed during RNA processing.

The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material is translated into proteins, using codons.