AP Biology Unit 4 Review

Front

What are cyclins?

Back

Cyclins are proteins that regulate the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).

Front

What are CDKs?

Back

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are enzymes that, when activated by cyclins, drive the cell cycle forward by phosphorylating target proteins.

Front

What is the role of cyclins and CDKs in the cell cycle?

Back

Cyclins activate CDKs, which perform the work of cell division, ensuring the cell cycle progresses at the right time.

Front

What are the three parts of a signal transduction pathway?

Back

The three parts are reception, transduction, and response.

Front

What is reception in signal transduction?

Back

Reception is the process by which a cell detects a signaling molecule (ligand) through its receptor.

Front

What is transduction in signal transduction?

Back

Transduction is the process of converting the signal from the receptor into a form that can bring about a cellular response.

Front

What is response in signal transduction?

Back

Response is the final outcome of the signal transduction pathway, leading to a specific cellular action.

Front

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Back

The stages of the cell cycle include interphase (G1, S, G2), mitosis, and cytokinesis.

Front

What is interphase?

Back

Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle where the cell grows, duplicates its DNA, and prepares for division.

Front

What is mitosis?

Back

Mitosis is the process of nuclear division that results in two identical daughter cells.