Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to protein.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is transcription?

Back

The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which occurs in the nucleus.

Front

What is translation?

Back

The process of decoding mRNA to synthesize a protein, occurring at the ribosome.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome, matching them to the mRNA sequence.

Front

What are ribosomes?

Back

Cellular structures where protein synthesis occurs, composed of rRNA and proteins.

Front

What is the significance of the order of amino acids in a protein?

Back

The order of amino acids determines the protein's structure and function; even a single change can affect its activity.

Front

What is the genetic code?

Back

The set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins, consisting of codons.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is the start codon?

Back

AUG, which signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.