Intermolecular Forces

Front

What are intermolecular forces?

Back

Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (molecules, atoms, or ions). They play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances.

Front

Name the three main types of intermolecular forces.

Back

1. Dispersion forces (London forces) 2. Dipole-dipole interactions 3. Hydrogen bonding

Front

What is hydrogen bonding?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine.

Front

Which type of intermolecular force is the weakest?

Back

Dispersion forces (London forces) are the weakest type of intermolecular force.

Front

How do intermolecular forces affect boiling points?

Back

Substances with stronger intermolecular forces generally have higher boiling points because more energy is required to overcome these forces.

Front

What is vapor pressure?

Back

Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its liquid or solid phase at a given temperature.

Front

Which substance has a higher vapor pressure: a substance with strong intermolecular forces or one with weak forces?

Back

A substance with weak intermolecular forces will have a higher vapor pressure because it evaporates more easily.

Front

Does HCl exhibit hydrogen bonding?

Back

No, HCl does not exhibit hydrogen bonding because it does not have a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom.

Front

What is dipole-dipole interaction?

Back

Dipole-dipole interaction is the attractive force between the positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule.

Front

Give an example of a molecule that exhibits hydrogen bonding.

Back

Water (H2O) is a common example of a molecule that exhibits hydrogen bonding.