1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3, 1.2.2 Flashcardizz Review 3

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What are stem cells?

Back

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that have the potential to develop into various specialized cell types in the body.

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What is the difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?

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Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any cell type (pluripotent), while adult stem cells are typically limited to differentiating into a narrower range of cell types (multipotent).

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What does totipotent mean?

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Totipotent cells are capable of developing into any cell type, including all embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues.

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What is gene activation in the context of stem cells?

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Gene activation refers to the process by which specific genes are turned on to produce proteins that lead to the specialization of stem cells into specific cell types.

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Why are specialized cells different in structure and function despite having the same DNA?

Back

Specialized cells have the same DNA but express different sets of genes, leading to variations in structure and function.

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What is the role of transcription in cell specialization?

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Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, which is essential for producing proteins that determine cell function.

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What is the significance of stem cell research?

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Stem cell research holds potential for regenerative medicine, allowing for the development of therapies for various diseases and injuries.

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What are the potential applications of stem cells in medicine?

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Stem cells can be used for tissue regeneration, treatment of degenerative diseases, and in research for understanding developmental processes.

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What is the difference between pluripotent and multipotent stem cells?

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Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into any cell type, while multipotent stem cells can only differentiate into a limited range of cell types.

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What is the importance of gene expression in specialized cells?

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Gene expression determines the proteins produced in a cell, which in turn influences the cell's structure and function.