AP Biology - Unit 4 a- Cell Communication

Front

Hormones are used in ____ signaling.

Back

endocrine

Front

The 3 steps of signal transduction in order are:

Back

reception, transduction, response

Front

What does a protein phosphatase do?

Back

removes phosphates

Front

What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular signal molecule?

Back

signal receptors

Front

When a ligand binds to the target cell it is called:

Back

reception

Front

Define signal transduction.

Back

The process by which a cell responds to external signals through a series of molecular events.

Front

What is a ligand?

Back

A molecule that binds to a specific receptor to initiate a response in a cell.

Front

What role do receptors play in cell communication?

Back

Receptors are proteins that bind to signaling molecules and initiate a cellular response.

Front

Differentiate between autocrine and paracrine signaling.

Back

Autocrine signaling involves a cell responding to signals it produces itself, while paracrine signaling involves signals affecting nearby cells.

Front

What is the function of cAMP in signal transduction?

Back

cAMP acts as a secondary messenger that relays signals from receptors to target molecules inside the cell.