Periodic Trends - Unit 5

Front

What is atomic radius?

Back

The atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons. It generally decreases across a period and increases down a group in the periodic table.

Front

Which element has the smallest atomic radius among Li, O, C, and F?

Back

F (Fluorine) has the smallest atomic radius due to its higher nuclear charge, which pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus.

Front

Which atom has the largest atomic radius in Period 4?

Back

K (Potassium) has the largest atomic radius in Period 4 because it has more electron shells compared to other elements in the same period.

Front

What is ionization energy?

Back

Ionization energy is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom in its gaseous state. It generally increases across a period and decreases down a group.

Front

Why does Francium (Fr) have the lowest ionization energy in Group 1?

Back

Francium has the lowest ionization energy because its one valence electron is very far from the nucleus, requiring little energy to remove it.

Front

What is the trend of atomic radius in a group?

Back

The atomic radius increases down a group due to the addition of electron shells, which outweighs the increase in nuclear charge.

Front

What is the trend of ionization energy across a period?

Back

Ionization energy generally increases across a period due to increasing nuclear charge, which holds the electrons more tightly.

Front

Which element has the largest atomic radius in Group 18?

Back

Rn (Radon) has the largest atomic radius in Group 18 as it has more electron shells compared to other noble gases.

Front

What are the three major categories of the periodic table?

Back

The three major categories are Metals, Non-Metals, and Metalloids.

Front

What is the significance of valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are crucial in determining how an element reacts chemically.