Transcription vs. Translation

Front

What is transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA).

Front

What is translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is used to synthesize a polypeptide (protein) at the ribosome.

Front

What is mRNA?

Back

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

What is tRNA?

Back

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the codons in mRNA.

Front

What is rRNA?

Back

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a type of RNA that makes up the major part of ribosomes, facilitating the translation of mRNA into proteins.

Front

What is the role of Uracil in RNA?

Back

Uracil is a nitrogenous base in RNA that pairs with adenine during the formation of RNA strands.

Front

Where does transcription occur?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Front

Where does translation occur?

Back

Translation occurs at the ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What is an amino acid?

Back

An amino acid is a building block of proteins, and there are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form proteins.