Cell Structure and Transport Exam Review

Front

What is a prokaryote?

Back

A prokaryote is a type of cell that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Examples include bacteria.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Front

What organelle is responsible for converting food into ATP?

Back

The mitochondrion converts the chemical energy stored in food into ATP.

Front

What are transport proteins?

Back

Transport proteins are proteins built into the cell membrane that assist with the movement of materials across the membrane.

Front

What distinguishes rough ER from smooth ER?

Back

Rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, while smooth ER does not.

Front

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, providing protection and support.

Front

What is the role of chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.

Front

What is the difference between active and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not.