Unit 4 AP Chemistry

Front

What is a net ionic equation?

Back

A net ionic equation shows only the species that participate in a chemical reaction, omitting spectator ions.

Front

What is the net ionic equation for the precipitation reaction between sodium carbonate and magnesium sulfate?

Back

CO₃²⁻ + Mg²⁺ → MgCO₃

Front

How do you calculate the volume of NaOH needed at the equivalence point when titrating HCl with NaOH?

Back

Use the formula: M₁V₁ = M₂V₂, where M is molarity and V is volume.

Front

What is the equivalence point in a titration?

Back

The equivalence point is when the amount of titrant added is stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of substance in the sample.

Front

What defines an acid-base reaction?

Back

An acid-base reaction involves the transfer of one or more protons (H⁺ ions) between reactants.

Front

What is the difference between a chemical change and a physical change?

Back

A chemical change involves the formation of new substances, while a physical change alters the form of a substance without changing its chemical identity.

Front

What happens during a chemical change?

Back

Bonds are broken and formed, resulting in the creation of new substances.

Front

What is a precipitate?

Back

A precipitate is an insoluble solid that forms when two solutions are mixed and a chemical reaction occurs.

Front

What is the role of spectator ions in a chemical reaction?

Back

Spectator ions are ions that do not participate in the actual chemical reaction and remain unchanged.

Front

What is the significance of the pH at the equivalence point in a titration?

Back

The pH at the equivalence point indicates the nature of the resulting solution (acidic, neutral, or basic) depending on the strength of the acid and base used.