Biology EOC Review 7

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What is the diploid number of chromosomes?

Back

The diploid number of chromosomes is the total number of chromosomes in a somatic cell, which is typically represented as 2n. In humans, this number is 46.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, using energy in the form of ATP.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is a cell plate?

Back

A cell plate is a structure that forms during the cytokinesis of plant cells, which eventually develops into the cell wall separating the two daughter cells.

Front

What is a cleavage furrow?

Back

A cleavage furrow is an indentation that forms in the cell membrane during cytokinesis in animal cells, leading to the separation of the two daughter cells.

Front

What happens to an animal cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the animal cell, causing it to shrink.

Front

What is the role of vacuoles in paramecium?

Back

Vacuoles in paramecium help regulate water balance by expelling excess water that enters the cell.

Front

What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

Back

Diffusion is the movement of solute particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, while osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are cellular structures that synthesize proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.