DNA Replication and RNA

Front

What is DNA replication?

Back

The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA before cell division.

Front

What is the role of helicase in DNA replication?

Back

Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA.

Front

What does 'antiparallel' mean in the context of DNA strands?

Back

Antiparallel refers to the orientation of the two strands of DNA, where one strand runs 5' to 3' and the other runs 3' to 5'.

Front

What is the significance of the lagging strand in DNA replication?

Back

The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in short segments called Okazaki fragments, as it runs in the opposite direction to the replication fork.

Front

What are nucleotides?

Back

Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What is semiconservative replication?

Back

Semiconservative replication is the method of DNA replication where each new DNA molecule consists of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

How does DNA code for proteins?

Back

DNA sequences are transcribed into mRNA, which is then translated into proteins by ribosomes.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication.

Front

What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand?

Back

The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the direction of the replication fork, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments away from the fork.