B.9A Biomolecules (ALL)

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What are biomolecules?

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Biomolecules are organic molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

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What elements are commonly found in biomolecules?

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Biomolecules typically contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S).

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What is a protein?

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Proteins are biomolecules made up of amino acids that perform various functions in the body, including catalyzing reactions (enzymes), providing structure, and regulating processes.

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What are amino acids?

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Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, consisting of a central carbon atom, an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a variable side chain.

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What is a carbohydrate?

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Carbohydrates are biomolecules made of sugar molecules that provide energy and structural support in cells.

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What are lipids?

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Lipids are hydrophobic biomolecules that include fats, oils, and cholesterol, serving as energy storage and structural components of cell membranes.

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What is a nucleic acid?

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Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are biomolecules that store and transmit genetic information.

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What is the role of enzymes?

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Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in biological processes.

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What is cholesterol?

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Cholesterol is a type of lipid that is essential for cell membrane structure and serves as a precursor for steroid hormones.

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What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

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Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds, affecting their physical properties.