Unit 4 SE Review

Front

What is a bond dipole moment?

Back

A bond dipole moment is a measure of the polarity of a bond, indicating the direction and strength of the dipole in a molecule, pointing towards the more electronegative atom.

Front

What does the net dipole moment of a molecule represent?

Back

The net dipole moment represents the overall polarity of a molecule, calculated by vectorially adding all individual bond dipole moments.

Front

How can you classify a substance based on its solubility and conductivity?

Back

If a substance does not conduct electricity but dissolves in water, it is likely a polar covalent compound.

Front

What is the VSEPR theory?

Back

VSEPR (Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion) theory predicts the geometry of molecules based on the repulsion between electron pairs around a central atom.

Front

What is the electron geometry and molecular geometry of CH₂O?

Back

For CH₂O, the electron geometry is tetrahedral, and the molecular geometry is trigonal planar.

Front

What is the relationship between isomer polarity and melting point?

Back

Polar isomers typically have higher melting points than nonpolar isomers due to stronger intermolecular forces.

Front

What factors can affect the boiling point of polar and nonpolar molecules?

Back

The boiling point can be affected by molecular size, shape, and the presence of intermolecular forces such as hydrogen bonding.

Front

What is hydrogen bonding?

Back

Hydrogen bonding is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like N, O, or F.

Front

When can a polar molecule have a lower boiling point than a nonpolar molecule?

Back

A polar molecule can have a lower boiling point than a nonpolar molecule if the nonpolar molecule has more electrons, leading to stronger London dispersion forces.

Front

What is the difference between polar covalent and nonpolar covalent bonds?

Back

Polar covalent bonds have unequal sharing of electrons due to differences in electronegativity, while nonpolar covalent bonds have equal sharing.