Genetics Flashcard

Front

Traits that are seen over other traits

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Dominant

Answer explanation

The term 'dominant' refers to traits that are expressed over others in an organism's phenotype. Dominant traits mask the effects of recessive traits, making them more visible in the phenotype.

Front

The physical appearance of the traits (what you can see)

Back

Phenotype

Answer explanation

The physical appearance of traits is referred to as the phenotype. It represents the observable characteristics resulting from the interaction of genetics and the environment.

Front

The study of inheritance

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Genetics

Answer explanation

The study of inheritance is known as genetics, which focuses on how traits are passed from one generation to the next. Phenotype refers to observable traits, while dominant describes a type of allele.

Front

A dominant allele and recessive allele genotype

Back

Heterozygous

Answer explanation

A heterozygous genotype consists of one dominant allele and one recessive allele, making it the correct choice. In contrast, a homozygous genotype has two identical alleles, and 'gene' refers to the unit of heredity.

Front

The basic unit of heredity

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Gene

Answer explanation

The basic unit of heredity is a gene, which carries genetic information. Heterozygous and homozygous refer to the genetic makeup of an organism, not the unit itself.

Front

A pure dominant or pure recessive genotype

Back

Homozygous

Answer explanation

A pure dominant or pure recessive genotype refers to having identical alleles for a trait. This condition is known as homozygous, where both alleles are the same, unlike heterozygous, which has different alleles.

Front

A different version of a gene

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Allele

Answer explanation

An allele is a different version of a gene that can result in variations in traits. While genotype refers to the genetic makeup, the specific variations are called alleles.

Front

The distinguishing qualities of an organism

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Traits

Answer explanation

Traits are the distinguishing qualities of an organism, encompassing its physical and behavioral characteristics. Genotype refers to the genetic makeup, while alleles are variations of a gene, making 'traits' the correct choice.

Front

Traits that are not dominant

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Recessive

Answer explanation

Recessive traits are those that are not expressed when a dominant trait is present. They require two copies of the recessive allele to be visible in the phenotype, making 'Recessive' the correct choice for traits that are not dominant.

Front

The genetic expression of the traits

Back

Genotype

Answer explanation

The genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, which determines the expression of traits. Therefore, the correct answer is genotype, as it directly relates to how traits are expressed.