Georgia Milestone Biology Review

Front

What is the role of enzymes in chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes act as catalysts that decrease the activation energy required for chemical reactions, thereby increasing the rate of the reactions.

Front

What structures are found in eukaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells contain structures such as nuclei, mitochondria, and vacuoles. However, chloroplasts are only found in plant cells.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration without the use of energy.

Front

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Back

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What are vacuoles and their function?

Back

Vacuoles are storage organelles in cells that hold various substances, including nutrients, waste products, and water.

Front

What is the significance of the plasma membrane?

Back

The plasma membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis and protecting the cell's internal environment.

Front

What is the difference between plant and animal cells?

Back

Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not. Both have mitochondria and nuclei.

Front

What is the process of cellular respiration?

Back

Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water.