Acids and Bases

Front

What is the pH scale?

Back

The pH scale measures the acidity or basicity of a solution, ranging from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral.

Front

What pH value indicates a neutral solution?

Back

A pH value of 7 indicates a neutral solution.

Front

What is an acid?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H⁺ ions) in a solution and has a pH less than 7.

Front

What is a base?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H⁺ ions) or donates hydroxide ions (OH⁻) in a solution and has a pH greater than 7.

Front

What is the relationship between pH and hydrogen ion concentration?

Back

The pH of a solution is inversely related to the hydrogen ion concentration; as the concentration of H⁺ increases, pH decreases.

Front

What is molarity?

Back

Molarity is a measure of concentration, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution (mol/L).

Front

How do you calculate molarity?

Back

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution.

Front

What is a saturated solution?

Back

A saturated solution is one in which no more solute can dissolve at a given temperature.

Front

What is an unsaturated solution?

Back

An unsaturated solution is one that can still dissolve more solute at a given temperature.

Front

What is a supersaturated solution?

Back

A supersaturated solution contains more solute than can normally dissolve at a given temperature, often achieved by heating.