Enzymes

Front

What is an enzyme?

Back

A biological catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions in living organisms without being consumed in the process.

Front

What is a substrate?

Back

The substance that binds to an enzyme and is transformed during a chemical reaction.

Front

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Back

The specific region on the enzyme where the substrate binds.

Front

What factors affect enzyme activity?

Back

Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, and the presence of inhibitors.

Front

What is the optimal pH for most enzymes?

Back

The pH at which an enzyme functions most efficiently, often around 7 for many enzymes, but can vary.

Front

What are coenzymes?

Back

Organic molecules that assist enzymes in catalyzing reactions, often derived from vitamins.

Front

What are inhibitors?

Back

Substances that decrease enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme and preventing substrate binding.

Front

What is an exothermic reaction?

Back

A chemical reaction that releases energy, often in the form of heat.

Front

What is an endothermic reaction?

Back

A chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings.

Front

How does temperature affect enzyme activity?

Back

Increasing temperature generally increases enzyme activity up to a certain point, after which the enzyme may denature.