AP Government Review #1

Front

A landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the First Amendment prohibits the government from restricting independent political expenditures by corporations and unions.

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Citizens United v FEC

Front

An organization that has an IRS code designation that raises and spends money to advance political causes.

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527 organization

Front

Financial donations with specific limits made to campaign committees or political parties by individuals or PACS.

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Hard money

Front

Contributions to this organization are tax deductible.

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501 (c) (3)

Front

The "separate but equal" doctrine as it applies to public education is unconstitutional; separate schools are inherently unequal. The court overturned Plessy v. Ferguson. The question before the court was if it was okay to have schools based on race, that were not equal. It integrated schools.

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Brown v Board

Front

An issue about which the public is united and rival candidates or political parties adopt similar positions in hopes that each will be thought to best represent those widely shared beliefs.

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valence

Front

voting for a candidate because you like his/her ideas for handling an issue

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prospective

Front

drawing the boundaries of legislative districts in bizarre or unusual shapes to favor one party

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gerrymandering

Front

the alleged tendency of candidates to win more votes in an election because of the presence of the top of the ticket of a better-known candidate, such as the president

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coattails

Front

a committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations

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PAC