Atoms, Ions, and Isotopes

Front

What is an atom?

Back

An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element, consisting of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Front

What are protons?

Back

Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons determines the atomic number and identity of the element.

Front

What are neutrons?

Back

Neutrons are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They contribute to the atomic mass but do not affect the charge of the atom.

Front

What are electrons?

Back

Electrons are negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus of an atom in electron clouds. They are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

What is an ion?

Back

An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a net electrical charge.

Front

What is the charge of an atom with 2 protons, 3 neutrons, and 4 electrons?

Back

-2 (The atom has more electrons than protons, resulting in a negative charge.)

Front

What is the average atomic mass?

Back

The average atomic mass is the weighted average of the masses of an element's isotopes, measured in atomic mass units (amu).

Front

Where are electrons located in an atom?

Back

Electrons are found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom.

Front

What is a neutral atom?

Back

A neutral atom has an equal number of protons and electrons, resulting in no overall charge.

Front

If an atom has 12 protons, how many electrons does it need to be neutral?

Back

12 electrons (To be neutral, the number of protons must equal the number of electrons.)