Unit 1.5 Vocab

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Archival Research

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A method of research using past records or data sets to answer various research questions, or to search for interesting patterns or relationships.

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Case Study

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An in-depth analysis of a single event, situation, or individual to explore causation and find underlying principles.

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Causation

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The relationship between cause and effect; the principle that everything has a cause.

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Correlation

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A measure of the extent to which two variables are related. Correlation does not imply causation.

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Ethical Research

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Research conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines, ensuring the welfare, rights, and dignity of participants.

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Experiment

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A scientific procedure undertaken to test a hypothesis by manipulating variables and observing the effects.

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Leading Question

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A question that prompts or encourages the desired answer.

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Naturalistic Observation

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A research method commonly used by psychologists and other social scientists. This technique involves observing subjects in their natural environment.

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Observer Bias

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A form of bias that occurs when observers' expectations influence their interpretation of the participants' behaviors.

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Survey

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A method of gathering information from a sample of people, traditionally with the intention of generalizing the results to a larger population.