Genetics Review Flashcard

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Homozygous Recessive

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A genotype consisting of two identical recessive alleles (e.g., aa).

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What is the term for the physical characteristics or traits of an organism?

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Phenotype: The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

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What is the term for the observable traits or characteristics of an organism?

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Phenotype: The expression of the genotype in the organism's appearance.

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The physical trait of an organism (ex: tall pear plant, eye color).

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Phenotype: The visible expression of a trait.

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Two alleles that are the same (ex: RR, pp)

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Homozygous: A genotype with two identical alleles for a trait.

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What is the term for different forms of a gene?

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Alleles: Variants of a gene that can produce different traits.

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What is the genetic makeup of an organism?

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Genotype: The set of genes that an organism carries.

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What is the term for having two different alleles for a trait?

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Heterozygous: A genotype with two different alleles for a trait (e.g., Rr).

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What is the process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring?

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Inheritance: The transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to their offspring.

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What is the term for the physical location of a gene on a chromosome?

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Locus: The specific location of a gene on a chromosome.