Passive and Active Transport

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy, moving from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, requiring energy.

Front

Define isotonic solution.

Back

An isotonic solution is one where the concentration of solutes is equal inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

Define hypertonic solution.

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside, causing water to move out of the cell, leading to cell shrinkage.

Front

Define hypotonic solution.

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside, causing water to move into the cell, potentially leading to cell lysis.

Front

What is exocytosis?

Back

Exocytosis is the process by which a cell expels materials in vesicles that fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents outside the cell.

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which a cell takes in materials by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses protein channels to help move substances across the cell membrane without energy.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Back

In a hypotonic solution, water enters the cell, causing it to swell and potentially burst (lyse).

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, water leaves the cell, causing it to shrink.