Ch.6 Sec 2 Operant Conditioning Notes

Front

What is negative reinforcement?

Back

Negative reinforcement involves removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Front

What is positive reinforcement?

Back

Positive reinforcement is the process of increasing the frequency of a behavior by applying a pleasant stimulus after the behavior occurs.

Front

What is punishment in operant conditioning?

Back

Punishment is a consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated.

Front

What is the difference between positive and negative punishment?

Back

Positive punishment involves adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior, while negative punishment involves removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior.

Front

What are primary reinforcers?

Back

Primary reinforcers are stimuli that satisfy biological needs, such as food, water, and shelter.

Front

What are secondary reinforcers?

Back

Secondary reinforcers are stimuli that have acquired their reinforcing power through association with primary reinforcers, such as money or praise.

Front

Give an example of positive reinforcement.

Back

A teacher gives a student praise for answering a question correctly.

Front

Give an example of negative reinforcement.

Back

A student studies hard to avoid getting a bad grade.

Front

What is extinction in operant conditioning?

Back

Extinction occurs when a behavior that was previously reinforced is no longer reinforced, leading to a decrease in that behavior.

Front

How does negative punishment work?

Back

Negative punishment works by removing a desirable stimulus to decrease a behavior, such as taking away a toy when a child misbehaves.