Unit 2 - Periodic Table - Chemistry Final Exam Review

Front

What is an inert element?

Back

An inert element is a chemical element that is not reactive under a set of given conditions. Inert elements are typically found in Group 18 of the periodic table, known as noble gases.

Front

What trend does atomic radius follow across the periodic table?

Back

Atomic radius decreases across a period from left to right due to the increasing number of protons, which pull the electrons closer to the nucleus.

Front

What do elements in the same group of the periodic table have in common?

Back

Elements in the same group have the same number of valence electrons, which determines their chemical properties.

Front

Which models represent the most reactive nonmetals?

Back

Models 1 and 3 represent the most reactive nonmetals, typically found in Group 17 (halogens) of the periodic table.

Front

What property is likely shared by elements in a specific box labeled 'Q' in the periodic table?

Back

Elements in box 'Q' likely have relatively high melting and boiling points.

Front

Define atomic radius.

Back

Atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to the outermost shell of electrons.

Front

What is the significance of valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons determine how an element reacts chemically and are involved in forming bonds with other atoms.

Front

Explain the periodic trend of ionization energy.

Back

Ionization energy generally increases across a period and decreases down a group, as increased nuclear charge holds electrons more tightly.

Front

What are transition metals?

Back

Transition metals are elements found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table, characterized by their ability to form variable oxidation states and colored compounds.

Front

What is the octet rule?

Back

The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons, leading to greater stability.