GIANT Midterm Review Flashcardizz

Front

What is the difference between active and passive transport?

Back

Active transport uses ATP (energy) to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

What type of solution is a cell in if it is hypotonic?

Back

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to enter the cell and potentially leading to swelling.

Front

Which organisms use cellular respiration for energy?

Back

Eukaryotes (all) including plants and animals use cellular respiration to meet their energy needs.

Front

What are keystone species?

Back

Keystone species are organisms that have a disproportionately large impact on their ecosystem's stability and health.

Front

What is fermentation?

Back

Fermentation is a metabolic process that occurs without oxygen, allowing organisms to convert sugars into energy.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) serves as the primary energy carrier in cells, providing energy for various biochemical reactions.

Front

Explain the concept of a concentration gradient.

Back

A concentration gradient refers to the difference in the concentration of a substance across a space, leading to movement from high to low concentration.

Front

What is the function of transport proteins?

Back

Transport proteins facilitate the movement of substances across a cell membrane, either passively or actively.

Front

What is the significance of the electron transport chain?

Back

The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes in the mitochondria that generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.