AP Biology Unit 2 Review Flashcard

Front

What type of amino acid side chains are found in the region of a protein that crosses the plasma membrane?

Back

Hydrophobic side chains are found in the region of a protein that crosses the plasma membrane.

Front

What is a major cause of the size limits for certain types of cells?

Back

The need for sufficient surface area to support the cell's metabolic needs.

Front

Which structure is common to both plant and animal cells?

Back

Mitochondrion is common to both plant and animal cells.

Front

What structures do plant cells use for cell-to-cell communication?

Back

Plant cells use plasmodesmata for cell-to-cell communication.

Front

Which molecule moves through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly?

Back

CO₂ moves through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most rapidly.

Front

Define integral membrane protein.

Back

Integral membrane proteins are proteins that span the entire lipid bilayer and are involved in a variety of cellular processes.

Front

What is the function of the LDL receptor?

Back

The LDL receptor helps in the uptake of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol from the bloodstream into cells.

Front

Explain the significance of surface area to volume ratio in cells.

Back

A higher surface area to volume ratio allows for more efficient transport of materials in and out of the cell.

Front

What are gap junctions and their function?

Back

Gap junctions are specialized intercellular connections that allow for direct communication between adjacent cells.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in cells?

Back

Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, generating ATP through cellular respiration.