Inductive vs Deductive Reasoning

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What is Deductive Reasoning?

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A type of reasoning that starts with general statements or premises and reaches a specific conclusion. Example: All humans are mortal; Socrates is a human; therefore, Socrates is mortal.

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What is Inductive Reasoning?

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A type of reasoning that involves making generalizations based on specific observations or patterns. Example: The sun has risen in the east every day; therefore, the sun will rise in the east tomorrow.

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What is a Counterexample?

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An example that disproves a statement or proposition. It is used to show that a conjecture is false.

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If all reptiles are cold-blooded, and snakes are reptiles, what can be concluded?

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Snakes are cold-blooded. (This is an example of deductive reasoning.)

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What is a Conjecture?

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A statement that is believed to be true based on observations but has not yet been proven.

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What is the conclusion of the following statements? If it rains, then the ground is wet. It is raining.

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The ground is wet. (This is an example of deductive reasoning.)

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What is the next term in the sequence: A, D, G, J, _____?

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M (The pattern increases by 3 letters each time.)

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What is the difference between Inductive and Deductive Reasoning?

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Inductive reasoning makes generalizations based on specific instances, while deductive reasoning applies general principles to reach specific conclusions.

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What can be inferred from the statement: If Tom goes fishing, then he brings a pole?

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If Tom goes fishing, then he catches a fish. (This is a conclusion drawn from the premises.)

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What is an example of Inductive Reasoning?

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Every swan I have seen is white; therefore, all swans are white.