Review #10: Heredity - Punnett Squares and Pedigrees

Front

What are genotypes?

Back

Genotypes are the genetic makeup of an organism, represented by the combination of alleles (e.g., Aa, BB).

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What are phenotypes?

Back

Phenotypes are the observable traits or characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype and environmental factors.

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What does it mean for a trait to be dominant?

Back

A dominant trait is one that is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy of the allele is present (e.g., AA or Aa).

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What does it mean for a trait to be recessive?

Back

A recessive trait is expressed in the phenotype only when two copies of the allele are present (e.g., aa).

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What is a Punnett Square?

Back

A Punnett Square is a diagram used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.

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How do you determine the probability of offspring genotypes using a Punnett Square?

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By filling out the Punnett Square with the parents' alleles and counting the occurrences of each genotype.

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What is the genotype for homozygous dominant?

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The genotype for homozygous dominant is represented as two identical dominant alleles (e.g., AA).

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What is the genotype for homozygous recessive?

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The genotype for homozygous recessive is represented as two identical recessive alleles (e.g., aa).

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What is the genotype for heterozygous?

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The genotype for heterozygous is represented as one dominant and one recessive allele (e.g., Aa).

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What is a pedigree chart?

Back

A pedigree chart is a diagram that shows the occurrence and appearance of phenotypes of a particular gene or organism across generations.