Genetics HW 1

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

An organism is heterozygous when it has two different alleles for a specific gene (e.g., Bb).

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What does homozygous recessive mean?

Back

An organism is homozygous recessive when it has two identical recessive alleles for a specific gene (e.g., aa).

Front

What is heredity?

Back

Heredity is the passing of genetic information (DNA) from parents to their offspring.

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Front

What is phenotype?

Back

Phenotype refers to the physical traits or characteristics of an organism that are expressed as a result of its genotype.

Front

What is genotype?

Back

Genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, representing the alleles it possesses.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their traits even when only one copy is present, while recessive alleles only express their traits when two copies are present.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

Front

What is the significance of the F1 generation?

Back

The F1 generation is the first generation of offspring produced from a cross of two parental (P) organisms.

Front

What is the role of DNA in heredity?

Back

DNA carries the genetic information that is passed from parents to offspring, determining traits.