Valence Electrons and Ions

Front

What are valence electrons?

Back

Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Front

How many valence electrons does an atom need to fulfill the octet rule?

Back

An atom needs 8 valence electrons to fulfill the octet rule.

Front

What is an ion?

Back

An ion is an atom or molecule that has a net electrical charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

Front

What are anions?

Back

Anions are negatively charged ions that are formed when an atom gains electrons.

Front

What are cations?

Back

Cations are positively charged ions that are formed when an atom loses electrons.

Front

What is the significance of isotopes?

Back

Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, affecting their atomic mass.

Front

How do non-metals typically form ions?

Back

Non-metals typically gain electrons to form negative ions (anions).

Front

What is the element symbol for arsenic?

Back

The element symbol for arsenic is As.

Front

What charge does an atom with 33 protons and 42 neutrons have if it forms a -3 ion?

Back

It has a -3 charge because it gains 3 electrons.

Front

What happens to the number of protons in an atom when it becomes an ion?

Back

The number of protons remains the same; only the number of electrons changes.