DNA, RNA Structure and Protein Synthesis

Front

What enzyme initiates DNA replication?

Back

DNA polymerase is the enzyme that initiates DNA replication by adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.

Front

Where does transcription occur in a eukaryotic cell?

Back

Transcription occurs in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, where DNA is transcribed into mRNA.

Front

What is the transcribed mRNA strand for the DNA sequence CATTAA?

Back

The transcribed mRNA strand for CATTAA is GUAAUU.

Front

Where does translation occur within the cell?

Back

Translation occurs in the ribosome, where mRNA is translated into a protein.

Front

What is the complementary DNA strand for the nucleotide sequence TCG ATA CGA?

Back

The complementary DNA strand for TCG ATA CGA is AGC TAT GCT.

Front

What is the role of RNA polymerase in protein synthesis?

Back

RNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription.

Front

Define mRNA and its function in protein synthesis.

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.

Front

What are codons and their significance in translation?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the corresponding codons in mRNA.