Bonding & Lewis Structures

Front

What is a Lewis structure?

Back

A Lewis structure is a diagram that shows the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.

Front

What is the octet rule?

Back

The octet rule states that atoms tend to bond in such a way that they have eight electrons in their valence shell, achieving a stable electron configuration.

Front

What type of bond is formed between metals and nonmetals?

Back

Ionic bond.

Front

What is an ionic bond?

Back

An ionic bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs when one atom transfers electrons to another atom, resulting in the formation of charged ions that attract each other.

Front

How do you determine the total number of valence electrons in a neutral atom?

Back

The total number of valence electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the group number of the element in the periodic table.

Front

What happens to the valence electron count of a positively charged ion?

Back

For a positively charged ion, you subtract one from the total number of valence electrons.

Front

What is the correct Lewis structure for ammonia (NH3)?

Back

The Lewis structure for ammonia shows a nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, with one lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen.

Front

What is a polar covalent bond?

Back

A polar covalent bond is a type of bond where electrons are shared unequally between two atoms, resulting in a molecule with a slight electrical dipole moment.

Front

What is the significance of lone pairs in Lewis structures?

Back

Lone pairs represent pairs of valence electrons that are not involved in bonding and can affect the shape and reactivity of the molecule.

Front

How many valence electrons do most elements need to achieve stability according to the octet rule?

Back

Most elements need 8 valence electrons to achieve stability.