Renaissance and Humanism

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The Reconquista was the expulsion of Muslims and Jews from Spain.

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The Reconquista marked the end of Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula.

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The Columbian Exchange introduced potatoes, tomatoes, and maize to Europe.

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This exchange transformed European agriculture and cuisine.

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Henry VIII’s establishment of the Church of England was primarily motivated by his need for an annulment.

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His desire for an annulment from Catherine of Aragon led to the English Reformation.

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The Society of Jesus (Jesuits) focused on

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Missionary work and education

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The Catholic Reformation emphasized

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Reforming clerical discipline and reaffirming traditional doctrines

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The Edict of Nantes (1598) granted

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Freedom of worship to French Protestants

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The Peace of Westphalia (1648) ended:

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The Thirty Years' War

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The primary motivation for French involvement in the Thirty Years' War was:

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To check Habsburg power and dominance

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The English Civil War was influenced by debates over:

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The role of Parliament in government

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The Glorious Revolution (1688) resulted in:

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The establishment of a constitutional monarchy