Biology Review - Plants

Front

What is ethylene gas in plants?

Back

Ethylene gas is a plant hormone produced primarily in fruit tissues that regulates various aspects of growth and development, including fruit ripening and leaf abscission.

Front

What is the role of xylem cells in plants?

Back

Xylem cells are responsible for transporting water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant through capillary action.

Front

What is selective breeding in agriculture?

Back

Selective breeding is a process by which humans breed plants for specific traits, such as higher yield or disease resistance, exemplified by crops like corn and sugar beets.

Front

How do cytokinins affect plant growth?

Back

Cytokinins are plant hormones that promote cell division and can inhibit the elongation of cells, influencing growth patterns.

Front

What is photoperiodism in plants?

Back

Photoperiodism is the physiological reaction of plants to the length of day or night, controlled by the pigment phytochrome, affecting flowering and other developmental processes.

Front

What are the main functions of plant hormones?

Back

Plant hormones regulate growth, development, and responses to environmental stimuli, including processes like flowering, fruiting, and leaf fall.

Front

What is the difference between xylem and phloem?

Back

Xylem transports water and minerals from roots to leaves, while phloem transports sugars and nutrients produced in the leaves to other parts of the plant.

Front

What is the significance of guard cells?

Back

Guard cells regulate the opening and closing of stomata, controlling gas exchange and water loss in plants.

Front

What is gravitropism?

Back

Gravitropism is the growth response of a plant to gravity, where roots grow downward (positive gravitropism) and stems grow upward (negative gravitropism).

Front

What is the role of mesophyll cells in photosynthesis?

Back

Mesophyll cells are specialized plant cells located in the leaves that contain chloroplasts, where photosynthesis occurs.