Front

What are intermolecular forces (IMFs)?

Back

Intermolecular forces are the forces of attraction or repulsion between neighboring particles (molecules, atoms, or ions). They play a crucial role in determining the physical properties of substances.

Front

What is a Lewis structure?

Back

A Lewis structure is a diagram that represents the bonding between atoms in a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist. It uses dots to represent electrons and lines to represent bonds.

Front

What determines if a molecule is polar or non-polar?

Back

A molecule is polar if it has a net dipole moment due to the presence of polar bonds and an asymmetrical shape. Non-polar molecules have an even distribution of charge.

Front

What is the relationship between intermolecular forces and boiling points?

Back

Substances with stronger intermolecular forces generally have higher boiling points compared to those with weaker forces.

Front

What type of intermolecular force is present in nonpolar molecules?

Back

London dispersion forces (or London forces) are the only type of intermolecular force present in nonpolar molecules.

Front

What is a hydrogen bond?

Back

A hydrogen bond is a strong type of dipole-dipole interaction that occurs when a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like N, O, or F) is attracted to another electronegative atom.

Front

What is the significance of the shape of a molecule in determining its polarity?

Back

The shape of a molecule affects the distribution of charge. Even if a molecule has polar bonds, its overall polarity depends on its geometry.

Front

What is the boiling point of a substance?

Back

The boiling point is the temperature at which a substance transitions from a liquid to a gas, occurring when the vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure.

Front

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Front

What is a characteristic property of ionic compounds?

Back

Ionic compounds typically have high melting and boiling points due to the strong electrostatic forces between the ions.