Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What are the two main types of mutations?

Back

The two main types of mutations are point mutations (substitutions) and frameshift mutations (insertions and deletions).

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation is a type of mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by another, potentially changing one amino acid in a protein.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence, which can lead to a frameshift.

Front

What is a deletion mutation?

Back

A deletion mutation occurs when one or more nucleotides are removed from the DNA sequence, which can also lead to a frameshift.

Front

What is the difference between a silent mutation and a substitution mutation?

Back

A silent mutation is a type of substitution mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein, while a substitution mutation may change one or more amino acids.

Front

What is the impact of mutations on proteins?

Back

Mutations can alter the amino acid sequence of proteins, potentially affecting their structure and function, which can lead to diseases or changes in traits.

Front

What is an example of a frameshift mutation?

Back

An example of a frameshift mutation is the insertion of an extra nucleotide in a DNA sequence, which shifts the reading frame and alters all subsequent amino acids.

Front

How can mutations be beneficial?

Back

Mutations can be beneficial by providing genetic variation that may enhance survival and adaptation in changing environments.