1st Sem Review Part 2, Units 3, 4, 5

Front

Which part of the DNA codes for our traits?

Back

The nitrogenous bases (A, T, C, G) are responsible for coding our traits.

Front

What amino acid is coded for by the RNA sequence AGG?

Back

The RNA sequence AGG codes for the amino acid Arginine (Arg).

Front

What are the base pair rules for transcription?

Back

The base pair rules for transcription are: Adenine pairs with Uracil (A-U) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G). This can be remembered with the phrase 'Apples Under the Tree, Cars in the Garage'.

Front

If a base gets REMOVED from a DNA sequence, what is this called?

Back

This is called a deletion.

Front

How do you transcribe the DNA strand ATG - ATT - CGG?

Back

The transcription of the DNA strand ATG - ATT - CGG results in the RNA sequence UAC - UAA - GAA.

Front

What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?

Back

RNA serves as a messenger that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

Define transcription in the context of genetics.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which then carries the code for protein synthesis.

Front

What is a mutation in DNA?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What is the difference between insertion and deletion mutations?

Back

Insertion mutations add one or more nucleotide bases into a DNA sequence, while deletion mutations remove one or more bases.

Front

What is the significance of the genetic code?

Back

The genetic code is a set of rules that defines how the sequence of nucleotides in DNA is translated into the amino acid sequence of proteins.