DNA Structure & Replication 22.23

Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What are the components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is made up of three components: a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of the phosphate group in DNA?

Back

The phosphate group links the sugar of one nucleotide to the sugar of another, forming the backbone of the DNA strand.

Front

What is the function of DNA replication?

Back

DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives a complete set of genetic information.

Front

What is the significance of complementary base pairing?

Back

Complementary base pairing ensures that the genetic information is accurately copied during DNA replication. A pairs with T, and C pairs with G.

Front

What enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

Back

The enzyme helicase is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication.

Front

What is the result of DNA replication?

Back

The result of DNA replication is two identical DNA molecules, each consisting of one original strand and one newly synthesized strand.

Front

What are the base pairing rules in DNA?

Back

The base pairing rules in DNA are Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) and Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G).

Front

What is the backbone of a DNA molecule made of?

Back

The backbone of a DNA molecule is made of deoxyribose sugar and phosphate groups.