Thermal Energy and Heat

Front

What is thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in an object, which depends on the object's mass, temperature, and phase (solid, liquid, gas).

Front

What factors affect thermal energy?

Back

Thermal energy depends on an object's mass, temperature, and phase (solid, liquid, gas).

Front

What does a calorimeter measure?

Back

A calorimeter directly measures the change in temperature of a substance during a thermal process.

Front

What is the first law of thermodynamics?

Back

The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

Front

What does the second law of thermodynamics state?

Back

The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time.

Front

What is absolute zero?

Back

Absolute zero is the theoretical temperature at which a system's entropy reaches its minimum value, and it is the point at which molecular motion stops.

Front

What does the third law of thermodynamics state?

Back

The third law of thermodynamics states that as the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy of a perfect crystal approaches zero.

Front

What type of energy is converted into mechanical energy when walking?

Back

Walking converts chemical energy from food into mechanical energy.

Front

What is work in terms of energy?

Back

Work is the transfer of energy that occurs when a force is applied to an object and the object moves.

Front

What is kinetic energy?

Back

Kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion, calculated as KE = 1/2 mv², where m is mass and v is velocity.