Epigenetics

Front

What are histones?

Back

Histones are protein molecules around which DNA is tightly coiled in chromatin, helping to package DNA into a compact form.

Front

What is a genome?

Back

The genome is the complete set of instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes.

Front

At what stage in the life of identical twins is the epigenome expected to be most similar?

Back

The epigenome of identical twins is expected to be most similar at age 6 months.

Front

What is an epigenome?

Back

The epigenome refers to the chemical compound modifications to the DNA code that can influence gene expression without altering the DNA sequence.

Front

What effect does the removal of methyl groups from DNA have?

Back

The removal of methyl groups from DNA can lead to increased gene expression, allowing more protein to be made from that gene.

Front

How does loosening the coiling of DNA around histones affect gene expression?

Back

Loosening the coiling of DNA around histones can enhance gene expression by making the DNA more accessible for transcription.

Front

What role do epigenetic modifications play in gene expression?

Back

Epigenetic modifications can regulate gene expression by turning genes on or off without changing the underlying DNA sequence.

Front

What is the relationship between the epigenome and environmental factors?

Back

The epigenome can be influenced by environmental factors such as diet, stress, and toxins, which can lead to changes in gene expression.

Front

Can epigenetic changes be inherited?

Back

Yes, some epigenetic changes can be passed down from one generation to the next, affecting the traits of offspring.

Front

What is DNA methylation?

Back

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism where methyl groups are added to the DNA molecule, often leading to gene silencing.