Identifying population & sample, parameter & statistic

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What is a population in statistics?

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A population is the entire group of individuals or items that we want to study or draw conclusions about.

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What is a sample in statistics?

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A sample is a subset of the population selected for analysis, used to make inferences about the population.

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What is a parameter in statistics?

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A parameter is a numerical value that summarizes a characteristic of a population.

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What is a statistic in statistics?

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A statistic is a numerical value that summarizes a characteristic of a sample.

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Why is it important to have a representative sample?

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A representative sample accurately reflects the characteristics of the population, leading to valid conclusions.

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What is the difference between a census and a sample?

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A census surveys the entire population, while a sample surveys only a portion of the population.

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What is sampling bias?

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Sampling bias occurs when certain members of the population are systematically more likely to be selected than others.

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What is a simple random sample?

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A simple random sample is a sample in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.

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What is stratified sampling?

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Stratified sampling involves dividing the population into subgroups (strata) and taking a sample from each stratum.

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What is the purpose of using a sample instead of a population?

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Using a sample is often more practical and cost-effective than surveying an entire population.