Chapter 4 Vocabulary

Front

What is a nonfoliated rock?

Back

A type of metamorphic rock that has mineral grains with a random interlocking texture, not arranged in layers.

Front

What is compaction in geology?

Back

The process that squeezes out fluids and decreases the space between the grains in a sediment deposit.

Front

What is cementation?

Back

The crystallization of minerals from water into the spaces between sediment grains, binding them together.

Front

What is magma?

Back

Molten or liquid rock that is found underground.

Front

What is lava?

Back

Molten rock that erupts onto Earth's surface.

Front

What is sediment?

Back

Small particles of rock, minerals, or organic material that are transported and deposited by wind, water, or ice.

Front

What is metamorphism?

Back

The process by which rocks are changed into different types of rocks due to heat, pressure, or chemically active fluids.

Front

What are clasts?

Back

Fragments of rock or mineral grains that are transported and deposited in sedimentary rocks.

Front

What is a volcano?

Back

An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten rock, ash, and gases are expelled.

Front

What is extrusive rock?

Back

Igneous rock that forms from lava that cools and solidifies on the Earth's surface.