Epigenetics

Front

What is epigenetics?

Back

Epigenetics is the study of changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. These changes can affect how genes are turned on or off.

Front

True or False: Epigenetic changes are permanent.

Back

False

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What is a genome?

Back

The genome is the complete set of instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes.

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True or False: Epigenetic changes can be passed on to future generations.

Back

True

Front

What can cause a gene to be expressed more?

Back

Both the removal of methyl groups from the DNA and the loosening of how tight the DNA is coiled around histones can increase gene expression.

Front

At what stage in the life of identical twins is the epigenome expected to be most similar?

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Age 6 months.

Front

What are methyl groups in the context of epigenetics?

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Methyl groups are chemical groups that can be added to DNA, affecting gene expression without changing the DNA sequence.

Front

What role do histones play in gene expression?

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Histones are proteins that help package DNA into a compact form. The way DNA is wrapped around histones can influence gene accessibility and expression.

Front

What is the epigenome?

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The epigenome refers to the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, influencing gene activity.

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How can environmental factors influence epigenetics?

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Environmental factors such as diet, stress, and exposure to toxins can lead to epigenetic changes that affect gene expression.