Biology Semester 1 Review

Front

What is a dihybrid cross?

Back

A genetic cross that involves two traits, where each trait is controlled by two alleles.

Front

What is the primary product of cellular respiration in mitochondria?

Back

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell.

Front

What is a mutation in DNA?

Back

A change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA, which can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What are the two main functions of carbohydrates?

Back

1. Energy storage (e.g., glycogen and starch) 2. Structural support (e.g., cellulose and chitin).

Front

What phase of mitosis is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids?

Back

Anaphase.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP provides energy for various cellular activities, including muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and biosynthesis.

Front

What is a silent mutation?

Back

A mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Front

What is the function of cellulose in plants?

Back

Cellulose provides structural support to plant cell walls.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and stores genetic information, while RNA is single-stranded and plays a role in protein synthesis.

Front

What is the significance of the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

It ensures accurate replication and transcription of genetic information.